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Table 3 Association between IgM anti-PC and incident CVE, in total and within groups by risk characteristics

From: Higher levels of anti-phosphorylcholine autoantibodies in early rheumatoid arthritis indicate lower risk of incident cardiovascular events

 

N of events

Non-adjusted

HR (95% CI)

p

Adjusted

HR (95% CI)

p

IgM anti-PC baseline

> median vs. < median

141

0.603 (0.430–0.846)

0.003

0.828 (0.589–1.165)

0.279

 Analyses within strata

  Age

   Age < 55 years

22

0.396 (0.166–0.943)

0.036

0.360 (0.142–0.916)†

0.032

   Age > 55 years

119

0.883 (0.611–1.277)

0.510

–

 

  Sex

   Women

81

0.608 (0.391–0.945)

0.027

0.985 (0.629–1.541)

0.946

   Men

60

0.614 (0.359–1.050)

0.075

0.558 (0.325–0.958)†

0.034

  BMI

   BMI < 25 kg/m2

63

0.524 (0.316–0.868)

0.012

0.827 (0.496–1.377)

0.465

   BMI 25–30 kg/m2

59

0.885 (0.523–1.498)

0.650

–

 

   BMI > 30 kg/m2

19

0.278 (0.080–0.969)

0.044

0.235 (0.065–0.842)†

0.026

  Smoking

   Non-smoker

98

0.510 (0.337–0.774)

0.002

0.722 (0.475–1.098)

0.128

   Current smoker

43

0.877 (0.482–1.597)

0.668

–

 

  Hypertension

   Non-hypertensive

104

0.594 (0.402–0.880)

0.009

0.878 (0.591–1.305)

0.520

   Hypertensive

37

0.805 (0.410–1.583)

0.530

–

 

  Diabetes mellitus

   Non-diabetic

133

0.663 (0.469–0.936)

0.019

0.899 (0.635–1.273)

0.549

   Diabetic

8

0.017 (0.001–5.059)

0.161

–

 

  Hyperlipidemia

   Non-hyperlipidemic

3

0.601 (0.427–0.847)

0.004

0.836 (0.592–1.179)

0.307

   Hyperlipidemic

138

1.423 (0.126–16.043)

0.775

–

 

  Seropositivity

   Seropositive

94

0.669 (0.444–1.007)

0.054

0.846 (0.561–1.276)

0.425

   Seronegative

47

0.496 (0.265–0.927)

0.028

0.782 (0.415–1.473)

0.782

  DAS28 remission at 1 year

   Remission

49

1.235 (0.691–2.206)

0.476

–

 

   Non-remission

92

0.440 (0.284–0.683)

< 0.001

0.592 (0.379–0.924)†

0.021

 DAS28 remission at 2 years

  Remission

54

0.851 (0.498–1.457)

0.557

–

 

  Non-remission

87

0.498 (0.320–0.774)

0.002

0.681 (0.435–1.068)†

0.095

AUC of IgM anti-PC at baseline and 2 years

> median vs. < median

116

0.614 (0.423–0.890)

0.010

0.847 (0.583–1.232)

0.386

 Age

  Age < 55 years

16

0.520 (0.194–1.397)

0.195

–

 

  Age > 55 years

100

0.841 (0.562–1.257)

0.398

–

 

 Sex

  Women

67

0.765 (0.474–1.236)

0.274

–

 

  Men

49

0.490 (0.264–0.911)

0.024

0.428 (0.227–0.807)†

0.009

 BMI

  BMI < 25 kg/m2

50

0.493 (0.279–0.871)

0.015

0.841 (0.471–1.503)

0.559

  BMI 25–30 kg/m2

48

0.973 (0.547–1.730)

0.926

–

 

  BMI > 30 kg/m2

18

0.330 (0.105–1.031)

0.056

0.297 (0.089–0.988)†

0.048

 DAS28 remission at 1 year

  Remission

40

1.121 (0.591–2,124)

0.727

–

 

  Non-remission

76

0.487 (0.300–0.791)

0.004

0.648 (0.395–1.064)†

0.087

 DAS28 remission at 2 years

  Remission

44

0.856 (0.473–1.549)

0.607

–

 

  Non-remission

72

0.510 (0.314–0.828)

0.006

0.698 (0.430–1.136)

0.148

  1. Values are hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CI obtained with Cox proportional hazard regression. The number of patients with measures of IgM anti-PC at baseline was 653, and the number of patients with measures of AUC of IgM anti-PC was 523. Anti-PC baseline median ≥ 60.9 U/ml, AUC of anti-PC median ≥ 117.3 U/ml
  2. CVE, cardiovascular events; BMI, body mass index; DAS28, Disease Activity Score 28-joint count; DAS28 remission, if DAS28 < 2.6; HAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire; Anti-PC, phosphorylcholine antibodies
  3. Adjusted for age and sex. †HR, a fully adjusted (for age, sex, BMI, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia) analysis was run if results of the analyses adjusted for age and sex showed a p < 0.10
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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