Table 1 Clinical characteristic of TAK patients with or without aortic valve involvement

Age at symptom onset, years

28.00 (23.00, 38.00)

30.00 (23.00, 41.75)

26.50 (20.00, 36.00)

0.030

Duration of disease, months

48.00 (12.00, 144.00)

60.00 (12.00,165.00)

36.00 (8.25, 120.00)

0.160

Female, n (%)

147 (85.5)

81 (88.0)

66 (82.5)

0.304

 Smoking

21 (12.2)

6 (6.5)

15 (18.8)

0.015

 Hypertension

52 (30.2)

28 (30.4)

24 (30.0)

0.951

 Hyperlipidemia

17 (9.9)

9 (9.8)

8 (10.0)

0.962

 Diabetes mellitus

8 (4.7)

2(2.2)

6 (7.5)

0.197

 Coronary artery disease

15 (8.7)

11 (12.0)

4 (5.0)

0.107

 Medication

59 (34.3)

36 (39.1)

23 (28.7)

0.153

  Glucocorticoid

53 (31.5)

32 (36.4)

21 (26.3)

0.159

  Immunosuppressant

42 (25.0)

23 (26.1)

19 (23.8)

0.721

 Chest tightness

58 (33.7)

41 (44.6)

17 (21.3)

0.001

 Chest pain

34 (19.8)

21 (22.8)

13 (16.3)

0.280

 Palpitation

24 (14.0)

16 (17.4)

8 (10.0)

0.163

 Shortness of breath

19 (11.0)

17 (18.5)

2 (2.5)

0.001

 Hemoptysis

5 (2.9)

2 (2.2)

3 (3.8)

0.874

 Dizziness

71 (41.3)

39 (42.4)

32 (40.0)

0.751

 Amaurosis

6 (3.5)

4 (4.3)

2 (2.5)

0.809

 Consciousness

8 (4.7)

3 (3.3)

5 (6.3)

0.572

 Fever

21 (12.2)

13 (14.1)

8 (10.0)

0.409

 Fatigue

72 (41.9)

38 (41.3)

34 (42.5)

0.874

 Headache

27 (15.7)

12 (13.0)

15 (18.8)

0.305

 Carotidynia

20 (11.6)

8 (8.7)

12 (15.0)

0.198

 Limb pain

19 (11.0)

12 (13.0)

7 (8.8)

0.370

 Intermittent claudication

27 (15.7)

9 (9.8)

18 (22.5)

0.022

 Weak pulse or pulselessness

39 (22.7)

21 (22.8)

18 (22.5)

0.959

 Upper limb blood pressure asymmetry

53 (30.8)

25 (27.2)

28 (35.0)

0.268

 I

23 (15.8)

7 (10.4)

16 (20.3)

0.105

 IIa

7 (4.8)

5 (7.5)

2 (2.5)

0.317

 IIb

22 (15.1)

16 (23.9)

6 (7.6)

0.006

 III

7 (4.8)

1 (1.5)

6 (7.6)

0.183

 IV

4 (2.7)

0 (0)

4 (5.1)

0.174

 V

83 (56.8)

38 (56.7)

45 (57.0)

0.976

 C

35 (24.0)

21 (31.3)

14 (17.7)

0.055

 P

26 (17.8)

15 (22.4)

11 (13.9)

0.183