Fig. 5

Higher LDG proportions correlate with lower gestational age at birth in SLE. A Gestational age at birth in SLE compared to healthy pregnancies. B Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrating the relationship between gestational age at birth, LDG proportions, NDG activation, IFNα protein concentrations, specific autoantibody positivity, and total granulocyte numbers in SLE pregnancies. C OPLS plot depicting gestational age at birth in relation to negatively related variables identified in PCA analysis. D Gestational age at birth in women with SLE who were positive for anti-CL, anti-β2GPI, or LAC compared to those who were negative for the respective antibodies. E Correlations between gestational age at birth and proportions of LDG in trimesters three, two, or one, respectively, in SLE. Subjects with SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome are indicated by large blue symbols in D and E. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, A and D Mann-Whitney U test and E Spearman rank correlation test